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IP Dustproof and Waterproof Test Standards and Grade Judgments

Outdoor Electrical - Appliance IP Dustproof and Waterproof Test Standards and Grade Judgments

IP stands for Ingress Protection. The IP rating is a measure of the protection provided by the enclosure of electrical equipment against the intrusion of foreign objects. It is based on the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standard IEC60529, which was also adopted as an American standard in 2004. In this standard, the format for the IP rating of electrical equipment enclosures against foreign objects is IPXX, where XX are two Arabic numerals. The first marking digit indicates the level of protection against contact and foreign objects, and the second marking digit indicates the level of protection against water. IP is an international code used to identify the protection level, and the IP rating is composed of two digits. The first digit indicates dust protection, and the second digit indicates water protection. The larger the number, the better the protection level.

The IP dustproof and waterproof test standards are as follows:

IEC standard: IEC60529:1989 + AMD1:1999 + AMD2:2013

EN standard: EN60529:1991 + A1:2000 + A2:2013

GB standard: GB/T4208:2017.

Dust protection level determination for IP:

IP1X: Effective against foreign objects larger than 50mm;

IP2X: Effective against foreign objects larger than 12.5mm;

IP3X: Effective against foreign objects larger than 2.5mm;

IP4X: Effective against foreign objects larger than 1mm;

IP5X: Dust-proof, some dust may pass through but not enough to damage the product;

IP6X: Completely dust-proof.

IP water resistance level determination:

IPX1: Prevents water droplets falling vertically for 10 minutes, equivalent to a rainfall of 1mm per minute.

IPX2: Prevents water ingress when the device is tilted at 15° from the normal position for 10 minutes. Equivalent to a rainfall of 3mm per minute.

IPX3: Water sprayed at an angle of 60° from the vertical for 10 minutes. Water volume: 10 liters per minute. Pressure: 50-150 kPa.

IPX4: Water splashed from any direction onto the enclosure for 10 minutes. Water volume: 10 liters per minute. Pressure: 50-150 kPa.

IPX5: Water sprayed from a nozzle (6.3mm) in any direction onto the enclosure for 3 minutes. Water volume: 12.5 liters per minute. Pressure: 30 kPa.

IPX6: Water jetted from any direction onto the enclosure with a powerful stream (12.5mm) for 3 minutes. Water volume: 100 liters per minute. Pressure: 100 kPa.

IPX7: Immersed in water at a depth of 15 cm to 1 meter for 30 minutes without water ingress.

IPX8: Immersed in water continuously under conditions specified by the supplier without water ingress.

IP69K: Can withstand the hot steam jet test defined in EN60529 and DIN40050-9. This provides protection against water pressure of 100 bar (1450 psi) and a temperature of 80°C. The pressure is directly applied to the sensor at progressive angles of 30 degrees (0, 30, 60, and 90 degrees), with 30 seconds at each angle, totaling 120 seconds (2 minutes), without water ingress.